Summary

The sciences studying behavior of a person and regularity of social processes have not come to a common opinion about quantity of structural components of the human personality and correlation between behavior of a person and structure of a social system as a whole. Neither is there a common opinion regarding structure of social systems, number of stages of society development, mechanizms of civilization evolution etc.

The given research has interdisciplinary nature. It is an attempt to unify views of different social sciences and to investigate the human personality and the society on the basis of natural sciences (general theory of systems, modern theory of evolution) for explanation of natural mechanizms of civilization evolution. Such attempts were previously made by different researcher but their unsufficiently thorough comprehension of the theory of evolution and too broad explanation of regularities of natural sciences does not allowed them to create a unified naturallyscientific theory of society development.

As a result of the accomplished research it was demonstrated that sociogenesis does not have any special internal mechanizms distinguishing it from mechanizms ensuring evolution of life on the Earth. Sociogenesis is a part of evolution of the biosphere of the Earth and abides by its general laws. The changes of social relations take place as a result of interaction of the person and society with environment (all of the various factors that influence a personal or social system to a certain extent).

Personal and social system are regarded as informational systems. They are formed as a result of interaction of two information streams: the genetical information (contained in a genotype for a personal system and a genofund for a social system) and the information carried by the elements of environment (stationary and non-stationary). These two information streams are the two system forming factors that create personal and social information systems.

The conducted researches allows to make a series of general conclusions revealing mechanizms of social processes in human society:

- The personal system has five structural components (shells) which correspond to five possible ways in which the person reacts to internal or external influence (this mostly corresponds to condition of I by Bern). The existence of the greater number of shells is excluded in the given model.

- Social  systems have four stable structures: Primitive, having two variants - Stationary and Chiefdom, Feudal and Market.

- Main Factors influencing a social  system at the period of Primitive systems are the factors of wild nature that influence the system as a whole. Under these conditions various types of group selection prevail and form the Primitive social  systems Stationary and Non-stationary variants (Chiefdom). Such social  systems preserve  uniformity of structure.

- The beginning of struggle for land and then the development the market relations have opened new epoch in social relations because the prevailing factors influencing a social  system are have become various types of intraspecific struggle both inside a social  system (individual selection) and between different systems (group selection).

- The struggle inside society has resulted in differentiation of a social  system, i.e. separation from the total mass of people of such individuals who were more then others capable of receiving,  mastering and storing new information "from the present". That gave them an opportunity to more adequately react to arisen non-stationary  elements. The result of this was formation of subsystems that  had headed the differentiated society. It led to a transformation of social  systems and formation of Feudal and then Market systems.

- The basis for formation of new social systems is the structure of a personal system having five levels of decision making which leads to a presence in the society of people inclined to this or that form of social behavior (from this or that condition of I). It creates broad possibilities for adaptation of society to different environments. In that case, when the environment conditions  no longer support any particular form it is preserved in the society as potential or weakly expressed (often persecuted by the society). But such form reveals itself or even takes a dominant position if a suitable environment arises.

- All forms of social structures and social economic relations formed in the process of sociogenesis do not disappear and continue to coexist changing only quantitatively. Any society contains all adaptive forms of social behavior formed throughout the whole history of its existence.

- All forms of social structures are unified in the Combined system, where one of the structures dominates. The remaining ones are in the subordinate position.

- Transformation of social systems is not substitution of one structure for another, but replacement of a system that dominates in the society by predominance of a different system.

- The transformation process does not take place due to the historical laws or some internal program encoded in a social or personal system. It is called forth by the changes of the environmental conditions which  favour this or that structure in different periods.

-The basis of modern terrorism lies in the structure of a Primitive system in its Non-stationary variant - Chiefdom. This structure is formed as a result of a high dynamism of a modern world. The feature of such structure is a primary usage of information "from past" that leads to  formulation of "fantastic" tasks which are not achieveable under current conditions. These tasks include seizure of new lands with the aim of creation of a large state. Such tasks were decisive in far past under conditions of struggle for land at transformation of social systems from Chiefdom to a Feudal system. Its main object is an aspiration to destroy  incomprehensible to the members of terrorist organizations modern world and to establish an order that corresponds to the values and ideas formed under the influence of information from the far past. All members of terrorist organizations are characterized by a low ability to make rational decision and adequately estimate modern conditions. That makes negotiations with terrorist organization uneffective.

-The crisises and the revolutions arise when all society or its part are not capable to master streams of the new information, and as a result can not find an adequate answer to new conditions. It leads to activation of ancient genetically coded information from the past about struggle with non-stationary elements of environment. According to this program it is necessary to lose specific features of persons, to be united in a crowd as described by G.Lebon and to eradicate everything new and incomprehensible (non-stationary elements of environment). The realization of this program can lead to formation of ancient Primitive social structures, i.e. return of all society to a far past as it was, for example, in the beginning of the 20th century in Russia and in some other states.

-Summarizing all the abovesaid, it is possible to draw a conclusion, that the causes of social changes which allowed the human civilization to take its special place in a biosphere of the Earth are in genetically programmed extremely high ability of the person (as a system) to use an information channel of the second kind in reply to environmental change, i.e. to receive, to process and to put into practice (to store to make decisions) information "from the present" in response  to environment changes.

In spite of the fact that all members of society have different ability to use new information, the differentiation of society into specialized subsystems (each of which interacts with a specific piece (set of the factors) of environment on which it is capable of making decisions) give a system an opportunity to harmonicly interact with the greatest spectrum of environmental factors influencing a system.


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